Define organization (organization Management)

An organization is an entity that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment. The word is derived from the Greek word organon which means "organ". It is a social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between the different activities and the members, and subdivides and assigns roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks. Organizations are usually open systems, they affect and are affected by their environment.

All organization has a group of people working together to create a surplus. In business organization, this surplus is profit. In non-profitable organizations, it may be the satisfaction of the needs.

There are a variety of legal types of organizations, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, universities, and various types of political organizations. A hybrid organization is a body that operates in both the public sectorand the private sector simultaneously, fulfilling public duties and developing commercial market activities. A voluntary association is an organization consisting of volunteers. Such organizations may be able to operate without legal formalities, depending on jurisdiction, including informal clubs.

Organizations may also operate in secret and/or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organization.