Explain main components of .Net Framework.

a. Commom Language Runtime (CLR)

b. .Net Framework Class Library (FCL) 

a. Commom Language Runtime (CLR)

.Net Framework provides runtime environment called Common Language Runtime (CLR). It provides an environment to run all the .Net Programs. The code which runs under the CLR is called as Managed Code. Programmers need not worry on managing the memory if the programs are running under the CLR as it provides memory management and thread management.

Programmatically, when our program needs memory, CLR allocates the memory for scope and de-allocates the memory if the scope is completed.

Language Compilers (e.g. C#, VB.Net, J#) will convert the Code/Program to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) intern this will be converted to Native Code by CLR.

There are currently over 15 language compilers being built by Microsoft and other companies also producing the code that will execute under CLR.

b. .Net Framework Class Library (FCL)

This is also called as Base Class Library and it is common for all types of applications i.e. the way you access the Library Classes and Methods in VB.NET will be the same in C#, and it is common for all other languages in .NET.

The following are different types of applications that can make use of .Net class library.

1. Windows Application.

2. Console Application

3. Web Application.

4. XML Web Services.

5. Windows Services.

In short, developers just need to import the BCL in their language code and use its predefined methods and properties to implement common and complex functions like reading and writing to file, graphic rendering, database interaction, and XML document manipulation.